Section A

SECTION A

I will review our knowledge on our own universe, with a clear mind from previously established ideas, interpretations, and theories.  I will explain, while studying the same phenomena, why I am ending up with different results and explanations, simply by using a very different method than most theoreticians:

Theoreticians in Cosmology usually set an imaginary theory and they use mathematics to prove the correctness of their theory. This is a very biased way to explore! Imagination creates a phenomenon and mathematics is used to back-up that imaginative situation. Instead, we should depend on observation and experimentation only to analyze a phenomenon and with a neutral attitude try to come up with every possible explanation and pick up the most logical one among them and not the one we want to prove. Instead of leading to the conclusion, we should collect evidences as in forensic science, drop the illogical and unscientific ones, catalogue the remaining ones and see where they lead us and not the other way around!

In the following paragraphs, I will expose dogmas that are unscientific, illogical, and un-intelligent with the sole purpose of awakening the questioning minds from their long lasting winter sleep!

PART 1: Attraction Between Celestial Bodies

In a vacuum, a piece of cotton and a piece of iron fall at the same speed. This is contradictory to Newton’s gravity theory. According to his theory, “the force of attraction depends on the masses of the bodies attracted to each other and divided by the square of the distance between them”. Therefore, according to him, two different masses should not fall at the same time.

Of course, Galileo did not made his experiment in the vacuum, but with two similarly shaped spheres having different masses. Since, because of their shapes, the resistance of the air was same on both objects, they fell at the same time. In this case, years later, Newton’s own explanation was “Compared to Earth’s mass, these two masses are practically close to zero and negligible. That’s the reason they fell at the same time”

This is ignoring the facts and going around a problem with excuses instead of confronting and solving it. Yes, compared to the mass of the earth these two object’s masses are very small, but as long as there is a difference, according to Newton’s theory, they should not fall at the same time. On the contrary, this has been experimented even on the surface of the moon. Since the resistance of the air is eliminated on the moon, the result was the same: two different masses fell at the same time.

                                              

where:

• F is the force between the masses
• G is the gravitational constant
• m1 is the first mass
• m2 is the second mass
• r is the distance between the centers of the masses

Assuming SI units, F is measured in newtons (N), m1 and m2 in kilograms (kg), r in meters (m), and the constant G is approximately equal to  

However the value of the constant G was first accurately determined from the results of the Cavendish experiment conducted by the British scientist Henry Cavendish in 1798, This experiment took place 111 years after the publication of Newton’s Principia and 71 years after Newton’s death, so none of Newton’s calculations could use the value of G.

Now, let us logically think about the notion Newton threw from his hat to the world without explaining how it would work and the world embraced it with love centuries after centuries without questioning!

Universe’s physical realities will permit two objects can be forced to move toward each other in only two ways:

1- If they are attached to each other with a cord and pulled toward each other.

2- One or both of them are pushed or propelled toward each other. Period.

Imagining an unknown force that magically brings objects together could be acceptable in the scientific environments centuries ago, but not anymore.

I myself have difficulty to understand how something like gravity can exist. How would it work? Invisible hands would grab a body and bring down to Earth? If “Gravity” is not able to do that in a Space Station, only 330-410 Km away from Earth and astronauts floats in the space, how can we expect the so called Gravity of the Earth would make the Moon spin around Earth at a distance of, at the perigee 405,696 km distance? Considering the speed of the station around the Earth the equilibrium of centrifugal and gravity forces stabilizes the Space station does not explain why local satellites, not having the Space Station’s speed, are not falling on Earth either! Astronauts on their way to the Moon did not have a centrifugal force in play but they were still weightless and floating in their cabin! If Earth cannot exert any pull on the voyagers toward the Moon, how it can exert any pull on the Moon? If with much bigger mass Earth, cannot exert any pull on the Moon then how we expect Tides on Earth can be caused by the much weaker pull of the Moon?

Unfortunately, by proposing the notions of Gravity and attraction of masses to each other, Newton without knowing, created illogical and unscientific explanations which harmed and delayed the progress of the sciences for centuries.

PART 2: Is Space Empty?

• Pioneer 10 & 11 Both Slowed Down In Their Trajectories

According to Newton, “If a mass is in motion in space, it will continue its trajectory with the same velocity as long as it is not obstructed.”

Since both Pioneers slowed down in their trajectories, space they were moving in cannot be completely empty. Space is filled with dust and gas and that will brake the speed of the mass in motion.

Dust and gas are not at the same density around different parts of the space. Like fingerprints, each Sun’s, Planet’s surroundings are different from each other. Therefore, in different parts of space braking effect will be different. However, in any part of the space the braking effect will not be equal to zero.

• Galaxies

Some galaxies collide, some merge, but mostly they move away from each other, they all rotate while billions of stars in them rotate with the galaxies. The speed of rotation in the center of the galaxies is faster than the speed at the outer edges of the galaxies. This gradual speed difference breaks the galaxies into rings of different speeds. That is the reason why at the edges of galaxies the stars move at the same speed within and together with their rings and move at a slower speed than the ones placed in the inner rings of the galaxy. In the same  way, planets around stars maintain their respective orbits because they move within and with the rings of different speeds around the stars. We will see in the next chapter that these rings form within a pattern and not arbitrarily.

• Diffraction Of Light Around The Stars

Light diffracts a small amount when it passes around a star. If light did not encounter a resistance, it would not be forced to diffract. It is assumed that it diffracts because of the gravity of that celestial body.

Since the space is not empty around the stars, it will diffract the light as a prism does. The diffraction angle will depend on the density and the concentration of the matter around the star. In fact, even a planet, in a much smaller scale, will diffract the light if it passes very close to the planet.

• Bombarded By The Same Particles And Waves That Parted From The Sun Or By The New Ones?

Another and even better example are galaxies that existed ten billion years ago that can be observed by the Hubble telescope. Sub atomic particles move in an ever-enlarging spiral trajectory unless they are in a tube enveloped with magnets. They cannot keep going and then billions years later hit the Hubble. Only the waves they create can continue to exist after so much time and distance.

Particles emanated from a star do not reach “themselves” a point in distance. These particles create vibrations, these vibrations create waves, and these waves can reach a distant point. Each wave is formed by different particles in them. As it is in direct and alternate electric current’s cases, direct current does not go far in a copper line. If it is an alternate electric current, it will go as far as the copper line is extended. An alternate current works as waves. Particles at the end of the wire are not the same ones in the beginning of the wire. Final waves that reach the final point are also formed by particles, but from entirely different particles than the first particles that created the waves.

Also in a Tsunami, the waves created by an eruption or an earthquake are not the same waves that reaches the shores thousands of kilometers away. Waves create new waves and new ones create newer ones etc… In the space, waves behave the same way like electric currents and tsunami waves. For that reason, we are able to observe stars, galaxies, many light years away. It is not because the very first particles reach us but last waves reach us!

We have to remember that waves cannot be created in an empty space.

• Rings In The Sky

In the cosmos, everything is in motion. Galaxies rotate, star systems rotate, stars and planets spin.  When a unit spins, the outer edges and the inner central portions spin at different speeds.  A star or a planet in a liquid or gaseous form spins as spheres within each other but at different speeds.

Galaxies and star systems break into rings of different speeds according to a mathematical pattern and not arbitrarily. In a galaxy, a star system is formed by a whirlpool, from gas and dust particles that exist in the galaxy. Some small portion of that matter and dust and gas form the stars and the planets. A big portion of this fundamental matter is still part of the star system. The whole system rotates as a block and with exactly the same mechanical pattern, as galaxies breaks into rings of different speeds, star systems breaks too.

If we look to the planet’s rotation speeds, around the sun in our Solar system, the ring over which the planet closest to the sun moves fastest and gradually that speed diminishes with planets that are more distant.

It seems to me that, nature always works with rules and patterns.

Orbital speeds of planets are:

I came up with a formula that may explain the pattern of placement of the orbits of the planets in any star system.

The very first ring is born at a certain distance of one unit from the source (in this case the source is our Sun). The second ring’s distance is the second unit. The third ring is 1+2=3 units distant from the source. The fourth ring is 2+3=5 units; the fifth ring will be 3+5=8; the sixth ring will be 5+8=13 and so on.

If we calculate that long enough (until we arrive 1E + 46), it stabilizes fairly to the same numbers.

After dropping all the zeros we can calculate that with astronomical units or in average miles or in average kilometers we will still get the same proportions.

To calculate in Km, miles, or AU, place the average distance of Mercury to the closest matching number on the rings chart (Next); all other planets fall into the pattern.

As can be seen, “Placement of the rings of different speed” matches very closely with the actual distances of the planets from the Sun.

CHART FOR COMPARISON OF THE CALCULATED AND ACTUAL DISTANCES OF THE PLANETS AND THE RINGS FROM THE SUN

click below to view the Chart:

Chart

In fact, it even reveals a missing planet between Jupiter and Saturn. The formula requires a planet there. It was not destroyed because there is no debris at that distance, as would be in the Asteroid Belt. Maybe it was kicked out of its orbit for an unknown reason. In that case, both Jupiter and Saturn moved, a tiny bit (from opposite directions) toward the orbit where that planet was. Also, this chart reveals that Pluto is not a natural planet of the solar system because it does not fit in the chart. These ring numbers are too close to the real distances and we cannot dismiss them by calling them a COINCIDENCE. Since rings cannot form in completely empty spaces, we have to revise our knowledge about our solar system’s structure.

Possible proof: In the future, if a meteor or a comet is detected heading directly toward the Sun and traveling in the same plane as our planets, each time this body passes from one planet’s ring its trajectory should deviate a small amount, in the same direction as the ring moves.

• The Density Of The Space In The Solar System

The speed of light in the air is different from the speed of light in the water, and different in fiber optic cables. Since we know the densities of the air, of the water, and of the optic fiber, comparing these to the speed of light in space will tell us the density of the space (at least the density between our Sun and our planet).  This area, which is erroneously named: “The empty space”.

Since density in different parts of space is different, the speed of light also will be different in various places in the universe.

• Why Celestial Bodies Are All Spheres

Except the exploded Planets or Stars (which they become meteors, comets, cosmic dust) all planets and stars are spheres. Why not cubes or any other form? In any domain of dust or gas, any small turbulence or tiny waves in opposite directions, will create tiny whirlpools. In a whirlpool, tiny particles will form clusters and they will be squeezed together. When in a whirlpool even a small cluster is formed, also, a magnetic field is formed around this spinning cluster and a flow of particles starts rushing toward the cluster. Since the cluster will be squeezed from every side equally, eventually it will become a sphere, like an air bubble in the water. Once the cluster transforms to a sphere the magnetic field and the sphere will become a combination of a dynamo and a motor. The spinning motion will replace the whirlpool. In a sphere, the central portion accumulates much more matter than the sections far from the center, since the particles flow from every direction toward the center, densest and more squeezed accumulation happens in the center. Internal pressure and the size of the sphere continue to grow until the pressure becomes equal to the flow’s pressure. Once the matter in the central portion is dense, squeezed enough to start a chain reaction and ignites the cluster; a star is born. In other areas of the block, much smaller accumulations form the planets with melted but not ignited cores.

Even in a space vehicle, molecules of small water mass do not disperse but immediately form as a distorted sphere simply because it is pressured from every direction by a flow of particles. Away from a big mass like a planet or a star, there is no one directional flow toward the planet generated. However, there will still be a small flow toward each object, from each direction, including even toward small water molecules.

In the beginning of the creation of a star or a planet, the process invariably is the same. It starts with a tiny whirlpool and continues as a sphere surrounded with a magnetosphere and a dynamo-motor system. However later in the process, these conditions can change due to the changes in the surrounding environment. The magnetosphere can weaken or completely lost, the spinning action can stop by the influences of stronger other fields. In addition, magnetic field of a sphere depends on the formation of the magnetic elements in the central core of that sphere. Some would be devoid of a magnetic field from start and some may lose it later by decay. As in the case of our planets Mercury Venus and Mars, Earth’s moon and some other moons of other planets, some stopped spinning, some slowed down, some never had magnetic field, some still has a weak one.

Densities in different domains in the cosmos are very different from each other. In a high density, high-pressure domain, a star will be under a very intense pressure and will be squeezed much more than in a low-density domain. That may create a very bright star. In a low-density area, a star may be a red giant. In an even lower density area with even lesser pressure, a brown dwarf star with only 260o-400o C surface temperature can form. In a very dense area and with high concentration domain, a star with high internal and external pressure may form a huge blue star with high surface temperature like 11o K – 25o K Celsius. These stars can be in size from 10 suns to up to 250 suns. In spite of their size, they are still squeezed under very high outside pressure, and they will be very bright. They will be giant blues. Once the internal fuel of the star starts to be used up and the
internal pressure starts to drop, external pressure will start to squeeze the star and finally the star will drop to a much smaller size. Since it is continuously squeezed to balance very high outside pressure, the star may become a white dwarf with a tremendous rotating speed. (Because of its reduced size, its speed increases. This increased speed may not be sustainable and the centrifugal force may force the star to explode as a super nova. Or it may burst somewhere in the equatorial region and with its tremendous rotation speed, from a distance, will appear as a Pulsar)

Even today, NASA thinks that star formations are initiated with the impact of the waves Super Novas create. How many super novas we are able to find in a year and how many billions of stars are born each year! When we compare these numbers, we can see even an organization as NASA can fail to create a logical theory.

• Comet’s Tails

The tails of the Comets orbiting around the sun are always facing away from the sun. Seemingly, empty space is full of waves emanating from the vibrations of the sun. We do not see these waves when we observe the comets but they are there. In fact they are everywhere in the solar system, whether we see them or not. It is obvious that waves created by the Sun is not pointed only toward the Earth, they are propagating 360 degree from the Sun filling every part of the Solar system. We see and feel only the waves that come toward our direction. Do we have to conclude that the rest of the Solar system is empty!

• Reference Points

An astronaut, when walking in the space and faces the sun, needs to be protected from the heat and the light. The helmet is dark and made to protect the eyes from the bright light and the space suit is climate controlled to protect from the intense heat.

The same astronaut, when he turns his back to the sun, all he or she sees is a dark space. Why? Just turning 180 degrees, white light and burning heat becomes freezing cold and pitch black! Yet the medium is the same one, the only thing that changed is the reference point: “the astronaut”. When light waves strike our retina, we experience the phenomenon of light. When the waves bypass us and go away from us, we call it dark.

We immediately conclude that dark is a synonym to empty!

In the Solar system, the waves emanating from the Sun are mostly one directional, from the Sun toward the outer edges of the Solar system. Only a small amount of waves comes from distant galaxies and stars. That is the reason why on Mercury, as is in the Astronaut’s case, on the side facing the sun, the temperature is as high as average 427 C and on the opposite side is as low as average -183 C.

We witness the same thing on Earth. Daytime is lighted and warm and nights are darker and cooler (Thanks to the Earth’s atmosphere this difference is minimal). At night, when we look to the sky, all we see is darkness, some distant stars and the Sun’s reflection from some of our planets. We know that space is dark and cold only if we face away from the Sun. Outside of the Solar system, in the space between galaxies, waves emanating from galaxies are multi directional. Between them, we still see large areas of darkness. Does that darkness really mean emptiness? In the spectrum of waves emanating from stars, and galaxies, visible light is only a very narrow portion of the waves. We do not see the rest of it and we call it dark and empty but we can detect other kind of waves with different instruments. There are ultra violet waves, gamma waves, infrared waves, radio waves, radar waves, cosmic rays, x rays etc… All these waves can exist only in liquid or gaseous environments, regardless how thinly populated these environments are.

• Big Bang Theory

Once we were thinking that Earth was at the center of our Universe. Then we discovered that not only we are not at the center of the Universe but also we are not even at the center of one Galaxy among trillions of  Galaxies! Then we started to imagine ideas like “Big Bang” as the origin of the Universe. Everything was created in a second from nothing!

Here is the logic that created the Big Bang theory: Since the Universe is expanding, if we reverse the time toward the beginning, all matter will collapse to one single point, which will have an infinite mass. Therefore, if that single point with infinite mass explodes then our forever-expanding universe would be created.

How this infinite mass was created? Where and what was its origin? Other than so-called “Big Bang”, there is no single case we can mention that something was created from nothing! This is Science fiction and not science.

Instead of inventing theories, which makes no sense at all, why theoretical scientists are not choosing OBSERVING and LEARNING from what is going on in the known Universe.

In the known Universe of ours, many things happening and we do not pay enough attention to them.

When we heat anything, the micro-universe that form that heated area expands. When that area cools down it contracts. Are we creating a new universe by heating or cooling it or are we only changing it?

What is heat? Bombarding an area containing non-agitated particles by agitated particles. That bombardment agitates the calm particles and their unusually rapid movements requires additional space. Therefore, an agitated space is also an enlarging space.

There are several fundamental wrongs lies in the Big Bang theory. Let us review the assumptions in the BigBang theory:

1- If we reverse the expansion of our universe, we assume that we have to go all the way to a final point and we will end up with a squeezed universe with an infinite mass.

2- This squeezed point with infinite mass happened 13.7 billion years ago.

3- This squeezed point with infinite mass will explode and will create our universe.

4- Nothing existed before 13.7 billion years ago. That infinite mass was the beginning of the universe!

5- Immediately after the Big Bang universe was full of equal amount of matter and anti-matter.

Assumptions, assumptions… Why we do not accept that the universe is much larger and older than we think it is? When we reverse the expansion of the universe, why we have to go all the way to a single point with an infinite mass. It is only logical that at one point the existing universe is excited and started to expand. That universe existed long before the start of the expansion and its age is not limited with 13.7 billion years. Scientist’s estimates the age of the universe in three ways:

1. Reversing the tracks of the expansion, they estimate that they have to go back between 10 to 20 billion years.

2. By the age of the oldest stars and galaxies. The age of the universe however should be slightly older!

3. By mapping the fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background. (CMB) Stars life span may be limited to around 12-15 billion years but that does not mean the age of the universe is also limited by that age. It is like saying “The oldest recorded human being was 130 years, therefore the age of human race is 132-135 years!”

Stars die, new stars are born, and this continues in an unending cycle. We can observe and measure only the existing stars. The ones that died and disappeared cannot be measured. Is that mean that they never existed!

In addition, results for the CMB measurements are interpreted to obtain what they already decided what the age of the universe should be. Their calculations are used to prove their case and not to find the truth. Anyway, if we deny the Big Bang theory, all their calculations and estimations becomes useless and meaningless.

In addition, the scope of the universe is not limited with our capacity to observe. The universe is much vaster, larger, and older than we think it is. In addition to the mythical creation of the universe, as in the Big Bang theories, there is another hypothesis, the matter and anti-matter distribution just after the Big Bang!

“They were in equal amounts but matter started to destroy anti matter. That is why we have difficulty to find now any anti matter!”

Nobody was there to count them at the time Big Bang supposedly happened! Besides, Big Bang is a mythological scenario, as is anti-matter another mythological entity created only by human mind.

“In 1957, after years of steady work – aided by advances in nuclear physics and stellar observations – Margaret and Geoffrey Burbidge , William Fowler and Hoyle published a comprehensive and detailed theory showing how stellar systems could produce all the known elements in proportions very close to those observed to exist. In addition, the theory accounted for the growing evidence that the elementary composition varies from star to star, something that would not be possible if the elements were produced by the Big Bang. The new theory was rapidly accepted as substantially correct. … just as Lemaitre’s Big Bang failed when cosmic rays were shown to be produced in the present-day universe rather than the distant past, so Gamow’s failed when the chemical elements were shown to be produced by present-day stars. (Eric Lerner)”

In that light, when Big Bang theories are discarded we have to ask ourselves, to what we can attribute the expansion of the universe?

It is possible that in one of the Macro Universes a jet stream coming out of a Black Hole will be the cause of the expansion of our portion of the Universe, instead of the Big Bang.

Or: A super nova in the Macro universe will change our universe the very same way a black hole could change.

Alternatively: any explosion in the Macro universe will cause an expansion in ours.

In fact: Any heat in Macro Universe will cause an expansion in our universe!

Accepting that we are formed by particles of the Micro universes was not difficult to accept by Human mind. Why as the continuation of these two dimensions would be unacceptable? Macro universes exist, otherwise our universes does not make any sense and does not have any function. Why we would exist if we do not form a Macro universe? Why continuity of the universes and the entire system and structure of the cosmos should stop here where we are, namely with our universe.

It is a little bit minds bugling to try to imagine our dimension without an end. Our dimension, which is without an end, is formed from particles that are even infinitely more numerous!

If we add to all of that, the MACRO universes that our dimension forms particles of it, our tiny minds stop at one point. I do not even dare to think that The Macro Universe can be (and probably is) a Micro universe of another Macro Universe and so on and so on.

In addition, of course the same way the micro universes that form us are the Macros of other even smaller Micros of their own and so on and so on. That makes us existing in a universe infinitely vast and squeezed between uncountable Macro universes and uncountable Micro universes.

From our previous position as living in the center of the universe and being created in the image of God, can we easily accept our new position as living in a universe, which is immense even, may be infinite? That makes us insignificant! Can we tolerate that?

Again, to accept or reject our new position in the cosmos, our very selfish view of ourselves as important entities and our very big-headedness may play a big role here,

• Black Holes

We have trillions of Galaxies in our Universe that we can observe. Some of them we can observe from their top side and most of them at their center have a black hole. Black hole is a whirlpool and sucks everything that comes close by. Galaxies have slower speed at the edges and gradually increasing speed toward their center. At the center, the speed of rotation increases to tremendous proportions that every mater around it runs toward the vortex, sucked, and squeezed with a tremendous pressure. These squeezed matters have to burst from the other side of the black hole. We cannot see the other side of a black hole, but we can see some of the Galaxies from their sides and some have jet streams coming out of them. If we could observe the other side of that jet stream, we would find a black hole. That jet stream after a while starts to expend and dissipate. (By the way, artist renditions of galaxies with black holes usually are shown jets streams coming out from both sides of galaxies. This is impossible while a black hole sucking in everything, cannot also eject matter. What is sucked in will come out only from the other side of the galaxy.)

Also, a new theory that imagines a surface in the entrance of a black hole that will retain the information of the swallowed objects is illogical. There can be no permanent surface in the entrance of a black hole. The black hole will swallow everything that is close enough! To retain any information of the objects by this surface they have to pass through the surface to leave their imprint. That necessitates that the surface should exist between the objects and the black hole. If objects are close enough to the black hole to be absorbed by it, the same black hole definitely will absorb that surface too, being even closer. That makes this theory illogical.

• Sun and Moon’s effect on Earth

“At the Earth’s surface, the force of the Sun’s gravity is nearly 46% of the Moon’s gravity. However, the Sun’s gravity is more even: it is nearly the same at the side of the Earth facing the Sun as it is at the side facing away from the Sun.”

This is one of the existing explanations for tides on Earth, which are caused by the Sun and the Moon. Tidal bulges are experienced on both sides of the Earth, both on the facing side to the Sun or the Moon, and on the opposite side. If gravity was in play here, on the opposite side to the Sun or to the Moon, instead of having a high tide, we should have a low tide. Also, acceleration due to gravity of any mass varies from Equator to North Pole between 9.7803 ms2 to 9.8322 ms2 but does not change on the side of the Earth facing the Sun or the Moon and on the opposite side! Again, if gravity was in play here, we should have a difference.

There are many attempts to explain tides with gravity principle. Among of the explanations, one as absurd as this one shines: “On the side of the Earth facing the Moon, water is pulled toward the Moon and on the opposite side, the Moon pulls the Earth and the water is air born!” This explanation is outside of known physical realities.

People, who gave this explanation, also quoted that the attraction of the Moon on Earth is only one millionth of the attraction of Earth on the Moon. In this case, if the Moon can move the Earth 1 to 15 meters, the Earth should pull the Moon 15×1000000 meters! That is 1000 to 15000 km! By that calculation, Moon should fall on Earth long time ago!

Is it not time to replace the erroneous Gravity and Attraction notions with what they really are?

In reality, it is not Newton’s formula and the notion of GRAVITY that determines the acceleration and the speed of the fall toward the earth. Instead, it is determined by the speed of a FLOW toward the earth.

Sometimes a simple reversal in our thinking can solve a big problem. As in the conceptual view of the skies in ancient times, the Universe was revolving around the Earth in every 24 hours; actually, Earth was rotating around itself in 24 hours.

Same way, to understand the phenomena of gravity and attraction, we have to reverse our thinking:
Instead of attraction, there is a FLOW toward a Planet, toward a Star, toward a Moon or toward any celestial body. Of course, the speed and the energy of this flow will be different toward each celestial body, depending on their mass and of the strength of their magnetic field and especially on the density of the space around them.

What is this FLOW? Flow is a stream of particles going in one direction.

FLOW runs toward the Earth in every part of the Earth. That is the reason, when it is not interfered by the air, in the vacuum, the cotton and the iron are dragged by this FLOW and they fall at the same speed as the FLOW!

Imagine a stream of water. Water flows at its own speed, anything on it, be it a paper boat, or a small tree branch, or a leaf, as long as they are not obstructed, eventually will have the same speed as the stream.

We know there is a magnetic field that exists around almost every celestial body. It is called the Van Allen belt or Magnetosphere. Particles are trapped in this belt. These particles may be in the “Coming Waves” from the Sun or from leftover gas and dust from which our solar system was formed, or both.
Now the question becomes, “Why a flow does exists toward the Stars and the Planets or toward any other object in the cosmos?

Domain around a celestial body and the celestial body together they act as a dynamo and a motor complex. Particles flow from around the celestial body toward the celestial body. This flow drags everything toward that body. (Some planet’s, like Mercury, Venus and Mars’s, magnetic fields and magnetospheres are altered either by stronger nearby fields like our Sun or they had a light core from the beginning.)

In addition, to this dynamo effect, also the motor effect forces the celestial body to spin.

1. Any object dragged by this flow will accelerate until it reaches the speed of the flow.

2. After all the accumulated accelerations, once the dragged mass reaches the speed of the flow it will stabilize and there will be no more additional acceleration. If gravity were in play here, the falling object’s acceleration would be continuously increased when it gets closer to Earth.

3. As long as there is no obstruction, no stabilization will happen before reaching the flow’s speed.

• Concept of “Flow”

Once we replace the concepts of gravity and attraction by a concept of “FLOW”, every mysterious phenomenon we could not explain before becomes easily explainable!

•  Rotation Speeds Of The Planets, Stars and Moons Are Proportional To Their Masses

The bigger the mass of the body, the bigger will be the density of the environment around this body, and the electromagnetic force that will be created will be stronger, so the body will spin faster. (Unless they are under another stronger magnetic field that slows or even stops their spin as in the case of Mercury, Venus and some moons, including ours)

As a matter of fact, Jupiter’s rotation speed is 12572 m/s, Saturn’s 9870 m/s, Neptune’s 2683 m/s, Uranus’s 2583 m/s, Earth’s is only 465 m/s and Mars’s 241 m/s. Every planet’s rotation speed is proportional to its mass except Mercury and Venus, which are affected by the Sun’s strong magnetic field. The Sun does not have a uniform magnetic field. That slows its rotation, but still has 1996 m/s rotation speed.

The flow’s different speeds at the equator are also proportional to the masses of the celestial bodies. To overcome this flow the escape velocities at the equator, respectively, are:

The Sun = 2223720 km/h, Jupiter = 214300 km/h, Saturn = 127760 km/h, Neptune = 85356 km/h, Uranus = 76640 km/h, Earth = 40248 km/h, Venus = 37300 km/h, Mars = 18072 km/h, Mercury = 15300 km/h

• Why Does A Magnet’s Opposite Poles Stick To Each Other And Identical Poles Push Each Other Away?

Earth’s magnetic force outside of Earth flows from the south magnetic pole toward the north magnetic pole. Inside of the Earth, the same magnetic force continues to flow from the north magnetic pole toward the south magnetic pole. On the surface of the Earth, a magnetized tip of a compass’s needle is dragged toward the north in line with the direction of the magnetic flow. It is not attracted by the north magnetic pole, but dragged by the flow toward the north magnetic pole. In the same way, outside of a magnet, there is a flow that keeps circulating from the emitting pole to the receiving pole and this circulation continues non-stop inside of the magnet from the receiving pole toward the emitting pole. If the emitting pole is close to a receiving pole of another magnet, the flow inside of the magnet drags the entire magnet to the receiving end of the second magnet. This is not an attraction of the magnets opposite poles. Magnets are not attracted to each other, but simply one is dragged to the other one. The flow enters from the receiving end of a magnet and leaves the magnet from the emitting pole, if this magnet is close to another magnet’s receiving pole, the flow instead of making a loop toward the magnet’s other end, will follow the easiest, closest path and will go to the second magnet’s receiving pole. By doing so, it will push or drag the first magnet to the second magnet.

Two emitting poles will repulse each other. In reality, two opposing flows are repulsing each other. By doing that, the flow pushes the magnets away from each other. Two receiving poles slide to the side and avoid each other.

Same thing happens when we rub a plastic sheet with wool. The plastic will be pushed to any surface or material receptive to that flow.

• Lightning

Clouds are masses of water droplets. Each droplet retains a certain amount of flow and becomes charged by it like a capacitor. When increased charges reach to a level that cannot be contained by the droplet, the charge jumps to the next droplet and that droplet becomes over charged and jumps to the next droplet, etc… Billions of droplets finally reach a level not containable and an accumulated electric charge jumps to receptacle Earth as lightning. Gravity cannot cause that, only an electrically charged flow toward the Earth can cause that. Same thing happens between clouds too. However, in both cases the common explanation is negative and positive charged particles jumping from one to the other. I will explain the negative and positive notions in electricity and sub-atomic particles in section B

• Another Example About The Existence Of A Flow From Space To Earth

Water drains everywhere in the northern hemisphere in a counter clock direction and everywhere in the southern hemisphere in the opposite direction. In fact, in a village in the equatorial Africa, a person drains the water in two places, a few feet apart, they drain in opposite directions, and he claims the true Equator is between the two reservoirs. Water does not have its own mind! Something forces it to rotate the way described above. The same thing is observed in the storm rotations in the northern and southern hemispheres. That means that flow toward the Earth has its own rotation too, since it forces everything, while they are dragged, to spin in a specific direction. Flow follows the magnetic lines and fields in both hemispheres, but also reverses its spin.

• Conclusion

1. There is no part of the universe, which is completely empty. Density and concentration varies in different parts of the universe.

2. Matter is either in an excited state, and moves and creates waves that we can detect, or it is in a minimal excited state and its movements do not create strong enough waves that are detectable by our present day instruments. We call this undetectable part Dark Matter.

3. There is no such a thing as “Attraction” or “Gravity” in the universe. Particles flow to one direction or other, usually in circular or spiral trajectories. These movements create waves.

4. It appears that the entire universe is in motion all the time.

5. Universes are full of rings and spheres spinning within each other. Stars, even planets if they are not completely solidified, are formed as spheres within each other that move with different speeds. This friction adds and contributes to the heat inside them. Planets move together with the rings that are in orbit around their sun. We can observe one of these rings with the Asteroid Belt. In the same way that magnetic fields become visible by small iron particles on a piece of paper, the ring that Asteroids are dispersed in, makes the belt visible. This belt existed before the Planet was destroyed and still exists. Belts exist for all other planets too, even though we do not see them the way we can observe in the Asteroid belt.

6. Moons of the planets move together with their own rings that rotate around their planet. For example, tidal waves created on Earth by our Moon is not caused by gravity, but by the disturbance caused by the friction of two rings affecting each other. Since Earth is inside a ring, anything that affects that ring affects the Earth, too. The Moon’s and the Earth’s rings together slowed and finally stopped the spinning of the Moon, so now it orbits the Earth inside and together with the ring without spinning. The Earth’s ring is large enough to cover an area from approximately 2/3 of the distance to Mars and to 1/3 the distance toward Venus. This area can easily contain the Moon’s ring. The Moon orbiting Earth stirs Earth’s ring, the same way we can make circles in the water with our finger and create a small whirlpool. This movement along the magnetic lines circling the Earth on both sides affects the magnetosphere of the Earth. A temporary slight decrease of the magnetic field causes a decrease in the flow toward the Earth and that causes to raise the water level on that magnetic line that circles the Earth.

7. Stars in Galaxies move together with their rings in the galaxy. Everything rotates and everything spins in the universes. The same thing applies to the micro-universes and the macro-universes. Like in the sea, there are currents, whirlpools, vortexes and waves. The very same things exist in the cosmos, too.

8. There is no proof:

a) That Big Bang existed.

b) That the dragging of objects happening because of Gravity but not because of a Flow? Newton offered the notion of an unknown magical force and named it gravity. I am thinking a known system, which we are using every day, named a Dynamo and a Motor that creates a flow and that flow drags everything toward Earth and also makes Earth spin.